[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovatio.cz\/archeologie\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.innovatio.cz\/archeologie\/","headline":"Archeologie","name":"Archeologie","description":"Archeologie je v\u011bda zkoumaj\u00edc\u00ed hmotn\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty z minulosti. M\u00e1 n\u011bkolik podobor\u016f. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem nap\u0159\u00edklad archeologie prav\u011bk\u00e1, st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 \u010di archeologie klasick\u00e1.…","datePublished":"2021-11-11","dateModified":"2023-06-06","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovatio.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.innovatio.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b86e461e91a792eb6523c2667396c9868de382fea5dd80e25dc0d9e030173b65?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b86e461e91a792eb6523c2667396c9868de382fea5dd80e25dc0d9e030173b65?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"innovatio.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.innovatio.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/cyprus-g41f62f2de_640.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.innovatio.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/cyprus-g41f62f2de_640.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.innovatio.cz\/archeologie\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":376,"articleBody":"Archeologie je v\u011bda zkoumaj\u00edc\u00ed hmotn\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty z minulosti. M\u00e1 n\u011bkolik podobor\u016f. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem nap\u0159\u00edklad archeologie prav\u011bk\u00e1, st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e1 \u010di archeologie klasick\u00e1. Archeologie zkoum\u00e1 artefakty a ekofakty. Artefakty jsou p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00e9 vznikly lidskou \u010dinnost\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee se jednat o n\u00e1doby, zbran\u011b, ozdoby nebo t\u0159eba domy \u010di hroby. Ekofakty jsou p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00e9 vznikly lidskou \u010dinnost\u00ed, ale zcela nez\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b, tedy jako vedlej\u0161\u00ed produkt. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem jak uhl\u00edky z ohni\u0161t\u011b, tak i zm\u011bna stavby lidsk\u00e9ho t\u011bla \u010di zm\u011bna podoby hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 podoba archeologie vznikla mezi 18.-19.stolet\u00edm.\u00a0Ka\u017ed\u00fd archeolog ke sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci pot\u0159ebuje mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch pom\u016fcek. Jsou to nap\u0159\u00edklad rukavice, s\u00e1\u010dky, \u0161t\u011bte\u010dky, l\u017e\u00edce, \u0161pachtle nebo tak\u00e9 detektory kov\u016f. Jeho pr\u00e1ce pak pokra\u010duje v laborato\u0159\u00edch a kancel\u00e1\u0159i. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed nalezenou keramickou so\u0161kou na sv\u011bt\u011b je V\u011bstonick\u00e1 Venu\u0161e. Tato mal\u00e1 so\u0161ka poch\u00e1z\u00ed z doby paleolitu 29 000 let p\u0159ed.n.l. Tato so\u0161ka byla nalezena v roce 1925 u Doln\u00edch V\u011bstonic.\u00a0Trilobiti \u017eili v obdob\u00ed prvohor asi p\u0159ed 550 mili\u00f3ny lety. Tak\u00e9 v \u010cech\u00e1ch jsou velk\u00e1 nalezi\u0161t\u011b t\u011bchto zkamen\u011blin mo\u0159sk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f.\u00a0Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch archeologick\u00fdch nalezi\u0161\u0165 na sv\u011bt\u011b je Terakotov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da. Jedn\u00e1 se o mauzoleum \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e z dynastie \u010cchin. Hrobku tohoto c\u00edsa\u0159e st\u0159e\u017e\u00ed okolo 7 tis\u00edc terakotov\u00fdch v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edk\u016f ozbrojen\u00fdch luky, \u0161\u00edpy,samost\u0159\u00edly. Jsou tu i ko\u010d\u00e1ry ta\u017een\u00e9 ko\u0148mi. Toto mauzoleum bylo nalezeno n\u00e1hodou, p\u0159i kop\u00e1n\u00ed studn\u011b, v roce 1974. Archeologov\u00e9 zde nach\u00e1zej\u00ed st\u00e1le dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1lezy. K samotn\u00e9 hrobce c\u00edsa\u0159e se v\u0161ak neodva\u017euj\u00ed. Odborn\u00edci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee je jeho sp\u00e1nek chr\u00e1n\u011bn p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekami, jako jsou r\u016fzn\u00e1 propadli\u0161t\u011b, st\u0159\u00edlec\u00ed mechanismy \u010di rtu\u0165. K nejprob\u00e1dan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vykop\u00e1vk\u00e1m pat\u0159\u00ed Pompeje. Toto m\u011bsto bylo zni\u010deno v\u00fdbuchem sopky Vesuv, roku 79. Archeologov\u00e9 zde objevili okolo 1500 t\u011bl lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed padli za ob\u011b\u0165 v\u00fdbuchu sopky.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Archeologie","item":"https:\/\/www.innovatio.cz\/archeologie\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]